💉 mRNA Vaccine Technology – A Game Changer in Modern Medicine

mRNA vaccine technology ne modern medicine me ek historic breakthrough create kiya hai. COVID-19 ke baad se ye topic pharmacy exams aur GPAT preparation ke liye high-weightage ban gaya hai.

🧬 What is an mRNA Vaccine?

mRNA = Messenger RNA, ek genetic instruction jo cells ko specific viral protein banane ke liye guide karta hai. Jab immune system us protein ko detect karta hai, to antibodies aur T-cells generate hote hain.

⚙️ Mechanism of Action

• Delivery: Lipid nanoparticles mRNA ko cells me pahunchate hain.
• Translation: mRNA protein synthesis karwata hai.
• Immune Response: Body antigen ko detect karke antibodies banati hai.
• Protection: Future infections se immune system ready rehta hai.

🌟 Advantages

• Fast & flexible development
• No live virus (safe)
• Strong antibody + T-cell immunity
• Easy modification for new variants

⚠️ Limitations

• Cold storage requirement (−70°C)
• Fragile & unstable mRNA
• Higher cost than traditional vaccines
• Common side effects: fever, fatigue

📌 Current & Future Applications

• COVID-19 Vaccines: Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna
• Cancer Vaccines: Personalized mRNA vaccines under trial
• Other Diseases: Zika, Rabies, Influenza vaccines under development

✅ Possible Exam Questions

• Write a short note on mRNA vaccine technology.
• Explain the mechanism of mRNA vaccines with diagram.
• List advantages & limitations of mRNA vaccines.
• Give two examples of mRNA vaccines used in COVID-19.